DRUG ABUSE IN BANGLADESH
General |
| crime and justice |
1. Drug abuse is a gruesome menace in the society with grave biological, social, financial, psychological and security eff on the indls, families and the community. It is a curse of the modern free world and the scientific and tech civilization. The widespread abuse of drugs has become a human tragedy. In Bangladesh about 80 per cent of the drug addicts are adolescents and young men of 15 to 30 years of age. The spread of multiple drug use has aggravated the overall prob, pers and social days function, impairment of health, crime and other violent behaviour.
2. For the past two decades, Bangladesh has struggled to find an effective and sustainable solution to substance abuse, which has had deleterious effects on the country’s development. Severe drug addiction has affected the productivity of a major portion of its human resources, esp the youth. Govt measures to address the challenge primarily consist of cracking down on the distribution of illegal narcotics. However, the impact on the health of addicts has largely been neglected by the authorities.
Drug Abuse
3. Drug abuse is now prevalent everywhere: in the house, streets, in the workplace, parks, slums, markets and even in edn institutions both in rural and urban areas. Virtually all segments of society are severely affected by this prob. Near about 25 lakh people are drug addicted. The major drugs of abuse in BD are YABA, Heroin, Phensedyl, Ganja, Pethidine, Tranquilizers, and Poly drug abuse, esp by young and adolescents using inhalants or psychotropic substances in varying combination with or without alcohol. Smoking is also increasing on an alarming stage creating serious health hazard in the pub placed.
WHY DRUGS?
4. Young people abuse drugs due to complex social and peer groups influence, frustration, depression, curiosity, sub-cultural and psychological environment that induce the youths to take drugs. Major risk factors responsible for drug abuse are family disorganisation, parental neglect, parent-child conflict, loss of spouse strife, in discipline, isolation, lack of emotional sp, rejection of love, over protection, unemployment, repeated failure and personality maladjustment and easy aval of drugs.
Consequences of Drug Addiction
5. Effects of drug abuse knows no bound, drug addiction and family also org is highly correlated. Drug addiction leads to disintegration of family lies. The drug addict in a threat to the family. Because of the hostile behaviour of the drug abuser the family in at risk. Normal activities of the family disrupts due to anti social activities of the abuser. The drug addict youth drops out from school/college or university edn.
6. Drug addiction, maladjustment, rising crime, health hazard, murder, suicide are the consequence of drug addiction. The svc holder loses his job because of irregularities. Social isolation and alienation are very common. Family of the drug addict became isolated from the community. The drug abuser swallows the lion share of family income because of buying drugs. Treatment in BD Drug Rehab Centre are not accurate. It's totally inhuman. Places are unhygienic, and almost all members are of very poor standard. Besides it is also very expensive.
7. The long term effect of addiction is alarming drugs can distort perception thus increasing accident proneness. Chronic drug use can lead to poor nutrition and damage of vital organs. Injectable drug users have risk of infection as viral hepatitis and AIDS as consequence of the use of unsterilized needle. It is very difficult to get rid of drugs.
Symptoms of Addiction
8. Parents, teachers and guardians must identify the symptoms of addiction as follows:
A. Physical symptoms of drug abuse are red eyes, imprecise eye movement, wearing sun glasses at inappr times, change in speed patterns, insomnia, sleeping at inappr times, sudden appetite esp for sweets.
B. Psychological symptoms one unpredictable behaviour, aggression or depression reduced short term memory, untidy appearance apathetic, disappearance of money or valuable items, anxiety, hyper sensitivity, decreased interaction with others, lethargy, need for instant gratification and abrupt change in values, ideals and beliefs etc.
Remedies
9. Social Mobilisation. It is a process of enabling people to realise their fullest potential in the social and cultural milieu in which they live. Social mobilisation and pub sp for elimination of drug abuse in necessary. Govt has ltd progs. The sp and the increased participation of community based grass root org, NGOs are essential to sensitise people about the dreadful consequence of drug abuse.
10. Pol Commitment. Pol commitment is required to combat the illicit drug traffickers who are sucking the blood of innocent youths and becoming rich very quickly through smuggling of drug.
11. Role of Media. All elec and print media should play an active role to come forward to help the society and country in various way in this regard. They may start various campaign against drug abuse with the help of the youths. They may involve the writers, teachers, singers, magicians and social workers in this campaign.
12. Preventive Edn. Preventive edn against drug abuse is essential eff enforcement of laws by the law enforcing agency is needed to curb drug trafficking. The whole community should participate in awareness, raising prog and peer counselling in imp to change the negative behaviour of the youth. If we fail to control of this pro, it will destroy the whole civilisation.
13. Positive Coping Skills. Positive coping skills are to be developed among youth through training and counselling to combat drug abuse. Brainstorming on skills and strengths needed to be developed in the individual to successfully cope with the pressure of critical factors that drive him to get hooked on to drugs. These strength are ability to say 'no, developing self-confidence, self-esteem, of leisure time, recreation, managing time, resolving conflict, handling situation of depression and frustration and developing healthy social values etc.
14. Family Life Edn. Intro family life edn is of utmost imp which will promote positive family life for the youths. Family life edn touches every aspect of family life and interpersonal relationship within and outside the family as well as values and attitude relating to such matters as sex, marriage, child bearing and often psychological factors relating to family life and wellbeing.
15. Drug Decriminalization. Is drug decriminalization a viable option? According to a no of reports published by the Intl Narcotics Con Board (INCB), the phenomenon of drug abuse requires societies to dedicate resources to evidence based prevention, edn and interventions, incl treatment and rehabilitation. In BD, however, the rehabilitation process is in need of significant impv. A no of experts have characterized the current resources for rehabilitation as inadequate, improper and ineffective and stated that reducing drug addiction across the country would require massive changes in several sectors.
Eff Role of Govt
16. The Ministry of Home Affairs is currently playing the lead role in fighting drug addiction. Law enforcers and the Department of Narcotics Control (DNC) are jointly working under the ministry. But if corruption exists in govt org then it will be difficult to solve this dangerous issue and all efforts of everyone will go in vain. It seems, few authorities of the govt org is corrupted and adopt unfair means in all aspects incl issuing licenses of Drug Centres.
Drug Rehab Centres
17. The rehabilitation centres are managed by the DNC and the effectiveness of the treatment offered at those facilities remains questionable for sure. Under these circumstances, experts believe that the whole rehabilitation process needs to be reformed and the govt should consider decriminalizing drug use. An specialized addiction psychiatrist expressed “While practising abroad, we witnessed that addiction treatment and rehabilitation processes involve the coordination of relevant authorities such as the Health Ministry, Home Ministry, and judicial surveillance. The level of the addiction was determined first and then, in accordance, the treatment for the drug addict was prescribed. He further said 'Most addicts would prefer going to rehabilitation instead of jail. If they get proper treatment there, most of them will have a high chance of returning to a normal life. The existing system in the country lacks all these criteria and so the situation is worsening day by day.' Speaking in favour of reform, the psychiatrist said 'It is high time to adopt the decriminalization of drugs approach in BD.'
Concl
18. In recent years, drug addiction has significantly increased in the whole world, esp in the South Asian countries like BD. In this country, this agent of human devastation has spread its tentacles to every nook and corner. Intl orgs like the United Nations and World Health Organization (WHO) are alarmed by the present proportion of addicts.
19. According to sources at different healthcare facilities, nowadays nearly 10 percent of outpatients are visiting the country's hospitals with cases of addiction related complications involving heroin, marijuana and Phensedyl. The trend of drug consumption is higher in youth and teenagers, their age spanning between 15 and 30 years. They come from all strata of the society. The average age of the drug addicts is 22. Students are mostly falling victims to drug abuse, which eventually lowers their standards of edn and attendance at schools and colleges.
20. As such anyone and everyone must come forward to act as an active actor to solve this devastating and dangerous issue so as to leave a better planet for future generation that is inevitable.
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